04.13.10, 6:00 PM ET
Jupiter reigns over our solar system--a gas giant shrouded in mystery. Two and a half times the mass of all the other planets in our solar system combined, it is believed to hold answers to the formation of our own galaxy. Now scientists may soon begin to understand the enigma that is Jupiter. Space.com reports that NASA, assisted by
Jupiter is believed to be primarily composed of hydrogen, with a quarter of its mass made of helium. Perpetually covered in ammonia clouds, the planet is not all gas. Some believe Jupiter may also have a rocky core of heavier elements. Despite previous efforts, much of the planet is still largely unknown. Early Pioneer and Voyager spacecrafts performed fly-by missions. Galileo, launched in 1989, tried to get closer, but the spacecraft was intentionally crashed into the gas giant after scientists determined it was being crushed by Jupiter's atmosphere. Jupiter's moons, most notably Europa, have also been examined.
Now we're going back. Scientists are excited to learn more about Jupiter, but they also say this research will help them understand new planetary systems that are just now being discovered. Space.com reports that the mission is slated to launch in August 2011 and reach Jupiter in 2016. Led by astronomer Scott Bolton of Southwest Research Institute in San Antonio, Texas, preparations began April 1 at
The Juno probe will be powered by solar wings. Space.com writes that it will contain "nine science instruments on board to investigate the existence of a solid planetary core, map Jupiter's intense magnetic field, measure the amount of water and ammonia in the deep atmosphere, and observe the planet's auroras." Until then, scientists will be doing their utmost to ensure Juno is ready for the trip.
Katherine Butler reports on space news for the Mother Nature Network.
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